Medicament



Patented Juy15 i194 1 MEDICAMENT Gordon D. Hlatt, Rochester, Eastman Kodak Company,

N. Y., assignor to Rochester, N. 'Y., a

corporation of New Jersey No Drawing. Original 1939, Serial No. 265,203. plication May 28, 1940, Serial No. 337,677

- 10 Claims.

This invention relates to the preparation of medicaments and more particularly to a protective composition for coating the skin to prevent dermatitis, and for improving the appearance of the skin.

This application is a division of my copending application Serial No. 265,203, filed March 31, 1939, which issued as Patent No. 2,221,139 on Nov. 12, 1940.

Dermatitis or inflammation of the derma or true skin is a serious industrial problem. Industrial dermatitis, according to various Compensation Board Reports accounts for 50 to 60% of the industrial diseases (excluding accidents.) The obvious cause of industrial dermatitis in the majority of instances is contact of some industrial product such as a solid, liquid or vapor with the skin surface. Prevention of dermatitis, in those instances, therefore, depends largely upon preventing this harmful contact.

Dermatitis may be caused by mechanical abrasions, exposure to physical conditions such as extremes of heat or cold, or exposure to chemicals such as solvents, desiccants, dissociation solutlons, protein precipitating chemicals and those which cause interference with intracellular metabolism.

In large photographic plants where one group of people may spend a considerable part of their day working with photographic developers, dermatitis caused by the developers is a serious problem, unless proper precautions are observed. Obviously this is undesirable since it lowers the emciency of the employee and may provide the entrance for a more serious disease.

'One of the important methods used in preventing contact withharmful chemicals is the employment of a protective cream or coating. This refers to a substance which is applied to the individual's skinfor the. purpose-oi giving an impermeable coating thus preventing actual contacts with the substance or substances to which he is exposed. Usually the hands and forearms are the parts ofthe body so protected, but occasionally other portions require this ype f coating. In some instances gloves are worn over the protective coating.

There are several commercial preparations 5 available on the market, but most of these compositions were found to be inadequate to protect the skin against exposure to queous developer solutions, and the present invention therefore, is the outcome of condderable experimental work and study to discover a composition suitable for application March 31, Divided and this ap- I have also found that in addition'to einploying the compound to prevent dermatitis that it is an excellent undercoating for make up and may be colored corresponding to the color of the skin to form a composition for covering skin blemishes such as birth marks or other disflgurements. It also appears that the composition may be employed in war times to ofl'set the harmful effect on the skin caused by poison gas such as mustard gas or other such irritating gases.

An object of the present invention position for preventing dermatitis.

Another object of the invention is a composition for preventing dermatitis caused by aqueous photographic developer solutions. j

still another object is a protective coating. composition to prevent mustard gas and similar gases from attacking the skin.

A still further object is such a composition which will be relatively non-greasy as well as waterproof andwill contain no substances which would fog or otherwise damage photographic film if maintained out of actual contact therewith.

Still another object is a composition whichmay be employed as an undercoatlng for make up.

Another object is a composition which when suitably colored may be employed to cover skin blemishes.

In accordance withv the invention these and other objects are accomplished by preparing-and employing a gel'compositlon in the form of a salve containing as the basic ingredients a cellulose ester, the acyl radical of which contains four or more carbon atoms suchas butyryl or higher or if there is some acetyl in the cellulose derivative, it will be in the minority. and a skin softening vegetable oil or animal fat. Preferably the composition also contains a suitable high boiling 40 solvent and may also contain suitable pigments.

The composition may be prepared by heating he particular oil or fat up toa point at which the cellulose-organic acid ester becomes soluble therein and then causing the ester to become 45 thoroughly mixed in the oil. If a high boiling solvent and/or a pigment is required it my is a comat this time.

The cellulose or anic acid esters employed must be those which will dissolve in the oil or fat, or mixture of the oil or fat and high boiling sol-' vent, at higher temperatures and the mixture must gel oncooling. If a high boiling solvent is employed it must. therefore. be one which when taken withihe oil or fat will dissolve the .cellu also besuitably incorporated in the composition lose derivative at an elevated temperature, and form the gel or salve-like composition at room temperatures. of course the solvent, when mixed in with the remaining compositions should have no harmful effects on the skin.

The preferred skin softening and protecting oils are those having an iodine number less than 125,

.about 50%. Preferably the mixed esters'contain from approximately 20 to 55% of the higher acyl. The preferred high boiling solvents are:

ment material.

methyl stearate, butyl stearate, diglycol laurate,

and dibutyl phthalat'e. However, other high boiling solvents which have a solvent action on the above described cellulose esters may be employed.

If the composition appears too greasy for the the purpose desired, the greasiness may be fur-' ther reduced by adding pigments such as zinc oxide and titanium dioxide to the composition.

The invention will be furtherv understood byreferring to the following examples which describe preferred compositions for preventing dermatitis.

Example I 1 part of cellulose tributyrate is heated with three parts of butyl stearate to a temperature of 160 C. in asuitable receptacle. After thorough incorporation, the mixture is cooled to room temperature and a smooth firm gel results. This gel or salve may be freely used on the hands toprevent dermatitis from aqueous developer solutions.

Example I! 5 parts of cellulose acetate stearate, 6 parts of butyl stearate and 9'parts of cotton seed oil are heated together at 160 C. and stirred to form a uniform mixture. The mixture is then cooled to form the gel and may then be employed to prevent dermatitis caused by aqueous solutions and the like.

. Example Ill The following composition is particularly valuable for prevention of dermatitis caused by aqueous developer solutions.

A mixture of 33 pounds of olive oil and 22 pounds of butyl stearate is stirredin a 15 gallon stainless steel tank and heated with two internal tent is slowly added and the temperature is raised to '160 to 170 C. to complete: the solution. The temperature may be allowed to rise to 190. to insure homogeneity. The heat is then reduced, and 33 pounds of titanium dioxide (Titanox) is added slowly with suitable mixing. The resultin creamy solution is drained into containers when the temperature has fallen to 120-130 C. The

heating and mixing periodextends over about 3 hours. The mixture gels at about 90 C. and is.

easily spread at normal room temperatures andwhen in contact with the warmth of the skin. 75

. electric coils. Atatemperature of 130-C., 11 pounds of cellulose butyrate of 56% butyryl conportion is fatty acid groups of at least 4 carbon -atoms, lard, anda high boiling solvent forthe Example IV A modification of the composition described in Example 111 may be made in the same manner by employing cotton seed oil in place of olive oil. and zinc oxide or titanium dioxide as the pig- Example The following composition which can also be made by the method described in Example III is also a very good preparation for prevention of dermatitis.

' Parts Cellulose acetate stearate 1 Butyl stearate 2 Cottonseed il 2 Zinc oxide 2 The use of these compositions to prevent dermatitis from aqueous developer solutions has proved extremely satisfactory. The salve can be used on the hands with or without rubber gloves, and it will not fog the film being developed, provided it does not come in actual contact with it. This composition entirely lacks the greasy feel of the original oil or of the commercial compositions made with petrolatum, mineraloil, or lanolin. It also has excellent moisture resistance and covering power as well as extended life on the skin.

Example vr- A composition suitable for use as a base for make up or to cover up skin blemishes or as a lip stick preparation may be made by replacing a portion or all of the zinc oxide in Example V by suitable colored pigments such as ochres, umbers and siennas. If other colored compositions are desired pigments such as the ultramarines or various colored lakes may be employed.

Example VII The following compositions may also be made by the method described in Example III and may be employed to protectthe skin from chemical iri'itants.

Parts Cellulose acetate stearate 1' Butyl stearat 2 Lar 2 Titanium dioxi 2 In the following claims the term animal oil is to be regarded as including both animal oils and fats such as lard and tallow aswell as fish oils.

I claim:

1. A salve-like composition for coating the skin essentially consisting of acellulose organic acid ester having an acyl content of at least 50% of the weight'of the cellulose ester of which a-maior portion is fatty acid groups of at least 4 carbon atoms and a miscible animal oil having an iodine number not greater than 125.

2. A salve-like composition for coating the skin essentially consisting of a cellulose organic acid ester having an acyl content of at least 50% of the weight of the cellulose ester of which a maior I ester.

3. A salve-like composition for coating the skin essentially'consisting of cellulose acetatestearate having an acyl content of at least 50% of the weight of the cellulose ester and a stearyl con-,

tent of 20 to 55% of the weight of the cellulose ester, butyl stearate, lard, and a pigment.

4. A salve-like composition for coating the skin essentially consisting of cellulose acetate stearate having an acyl content of at least 50% of the weight of the cellulose ester and a stearyl content of 20 to 55% of the weight oi the cellulose ester, butyl stearate, lard, and titanium dioxide.

5. A salve-like composition for coating the skin essentially consisting of a cellulose organic acid ester having an acyl content of at least 50% of the weight of the cellulose ester of which a major portion is fatty acid groups of at least 4 carbon atoms, a misciblefish oil having an iodine number not greater than 125 and a high boiling solvent for the ester.

6. A salve-like composition for coating the skin essentially consisting of a cellulose organic acid ester having an acyl content of at least 50% of the weight of the cellulose ester of which a major portion is fatty acid groups of at least 4 carbon atoms, a miscible fish oil having an iodine numher not greater than 125, a high boiling solvent for the ester, and a pigment.

'7. A salve-like composition for coating the skin essentially consistingoi cellulose acetate stearate. having an acyl content of at least 50% of the weight of the cellulose ester and a stearyl content of 20 to 55% of the weight-oi the cellulose ester, butyl stearate, fish oil, and a pigment.

8. A salve-like composition for coating the skin essentially consisting of a cellulose organic acid ester having a'n acyl content of at least of the weight of the. cellulose ester of which a major portion is fatty acid groupsof, at least 4 carbon atoms, tallow and a high boiling solvent for the ester.

9. A salve-like composition for coating the skin essentially consisting of cellulose acetate stearate having an acyl content 0! at least 50% of the weight of the cellulose ester and a stearylcontent of 20 to of the'weight of the cellulose ester,

butyl stearate, tallow, and a pigment.

10. A salve-like composition for coating the skin essentially consisting of cellulose acetate stearate-having an acyl content of at least 50% oi. the weight oi. the cellulose ester and a stearyl content of 20 to 55% of the weight of the .cellulose ester, butyl stearate, tallow, and zinc oxide.

GORDON n. HIA'I'I. 

